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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 1
TERRITORY AND POPULATION 9
A Brief History of Transylvania and Its Peoples 9
The Hungarians 10
The Saxons 12
The Romanians 14
Population Movements and Changes 16
Later Immigrants 18
The Effect of Two World Wars on Transylvania's Territory and Population 21
TERRITORIAL AND POPULATION CHANGES SINCE WORLD WAR I 29
The Territorial Distribution of the National Minorities 31
Later Population Changes (1966-1977) 48
The Effects of Urbanization and Romanianization on the Population of the Cities and Towns 55
The National Distribution in the Urban and Rural Population 63
The Occupational Distribution and Social Structure of the Population 66
THE POSSlBlLlTlES FOR MINORITY COEXISTENCE IN ROMANIA, 1918-1956 71
The National Minorities in Romania Between 1918 and 1944 71
Laws and Decrees Between 1918 and 1940 Relating to the National Minorities 86
Political Developments in Romania, 1944-l948 94
The Legal Status of the Minorities From the War Until the Foundation of the Totalitarian State 106
The Totalitarian State: The Romanian People's Republic 111
The Nationality Policy of the Romanian People's Republic 114
ROMANIAN POLITICS AND NATIONALITY POLICY SINCE l956 123
The Socialist National State - National Communism 127
The Nationality Policy of the Romanian Socialist Republic 130
The 1970s - Moves Toward Assimilation 138
International Conferences in the 1970s 150
National, Linguistic, and Ethnic Affiliation 151
NATIONAL-MINORITY EDUCATION IN ROMANIA 155
Methodological Problems 155
Historical Background 157
Education for the National Minorities Between the Two World Wars 159
National-Minority Education After 1945 164
The Present System of National-Minority Education 184
The Educational Status of the Csángó Hungarians of Moldavia 201
The Supervision of National-Minority Education 202
Teachers Training 203
Textbooks 204
Conclusion 205
THE CHURCHES OF THE NATIONAL MINORITIES IN ROMANIA 213
Historical Background and the Period Between the Two World Wars 213
The Legal Position After the Second World War 218
Relations Between Church and State 235
THE NATIONAL-MINORITY PRESS AND PUBLISHING INDUSTRY IN ROMANIA 239
The Press 239
Development Since 1945 241
The Dogmatic Period 245
The Desatellitization Process - Liberalizing Trends 246
The Cultural Policy of the 1970s 249
Book Publishing 254
NOTES 259
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 305
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